If you were the aggressor, you will likely have to show first so do not try to poker professor starting hands chart trick other players to act before you.It also means that the technology could be used in the future to power other sophisticated tasks and eliminate the need for humans to perform them. In short, I've studied how and why people often make decisions that are right even though they don't know why or how. OK, OK, I hear you - you're bored already. You're thinking: 'This professor guy is gonna go off the end of the pier on me - and I absolutely will not take a quiz at the end.' Don't worry, lecture's over; on to poker. It presents the 169 unique starting hands, together with the edge for checking and raising 4x. The sheet also gives the number of hands equivalent to the listed hand (the suit-permutations). For example, because the starting hand (2c,7d) is equivalent to (2h, 7s), only the hand (2c,7d) was analyzed. In particular. Of course, the fundamentals of poker are based on proper starting hand selection so take a look at the above charts and see how the cards you play rank. If you’re looking for more poker strategy you can check out our extensive poker strategy section or my latest mega-guide on how to stop losing at online poker.
Previously, I worked on One Card Poker and used Counter Factual Regret Minimization (CFR) to computer the game theory optimal (GTO) solution to the game from scratch. I was happy to find that the solution developed through self-play by the CFR agent closely matched the GTO solution proposed by a CMU professor who computed it through linear constraint solving.
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Now with a stronger background in how the CFR algorithm worked, I wanted to try a game with more depth and breadth than just One Card Poker, which featured only 13 cards and one bet maximum. Consequently, I moved on to Two Card poker, which features a full 52 card deck and allows multiple bets in the betting round. So now an artificial intelligence agent must be able to decide upon 1326 different possible hands and what to do with each and every possible combination in the game. It must learn the relative strength of each hand from scratch and discover the optimal strategy for each hand. Additionally, it must develop an overall balanced strategy, and decide a range of hands it should bet and a range of hands it should check-call, check-raise, or check-fold.
This idea of range is integral to much more complicated games like No Limit Texas Hold'Em. The idea is no longer how a single, particular hand should be played, but what hands overall should be played and how. And to win in the long run, players adjust their ranges until it is perfect and game theory optimal.
So the biggest challenge is for the CFR agent to construct a GTO ranges for both players, and do so from scratch.
The game is played using a standard 52 card deck. At the beginning of the round, both players pay a $1 ante. Each player is dealt two private cards, and then there is a round of betting. Players take turns in this round of betting. Initially, the player may check or bet (put more money in the middle). If both players check, then showdown is reached and both players reveal their cards, and the player with the strong hand wins the money in the middle.If a player bets, the other player has the option to raise, call, or fold. If the player folds, the other player wins the money in the middle. If the player calls, then showdown is reached. If the player decides to raise, then action is on the other player, who has the option to raise, call, or fold.For this game, I decided to put a limit to a maximum of 2 bets. So this means that only one raise is allowed.The first bet is set to $2, so a player will be betting $2 into a pot of $2.The raise is set to $8, so a player will be betting $8 into a pot of $4.
Showdown/Card Strength:In Two Card Poker, the strength of the category of hands (from strongest to weakest):
- pairs (two cards with the same rank, like Ah As)
- suited cards (two cards with the same suit, like As Ts)
- unsuited cards (two cards with different suits, like Ks 5d)
Card ranks, from strongest to weakest, goes from A, K, Q, J, T, 9, 8, .., 3, 2
When comparing two hands, if the hands are in different categories, then the hand in the better category wins. If hands are in the same category, then the hand with the higher rank wins. If both hands have the same high rank, then the second card determines which hand wins). If it is still a tie, then the pot is split.
After training the CFR agent to play itself for 40 million hands, the agent has developed a pretty balanced strategy for both players. It was capable of developing an optimal ranges and taught itself how to bluff and slowplay, and to not always do one or the other. The strategy it developed is balanced and difficult, if not almost impossible, for an opponent to exploit. I also created a visual using python matlibplot to summarize the hand ranges for differing strategies the bot developed autonomously.
So before we get into results, we first need to understand how the game can possible progress. In other words, look at the game decision tree:
- P1 Bets
- P2 Folds
- P2 Calls
- P2 Raises
- P1 Calls
- P1 Folds
- P1 Checks
- P2 Checks
- P2 Bets
- P1 Raises
- P2 Calls
- P2 Folds
- P1 Folds
- P1 Calls
Additionally, we need to understand what a range chart means:
There are 1326 different possible hands (choose two cards from 52), but we can bucket all these hands into 169 different kinds of hands. 13 different pairs, 79 suited hands, and 79 off-suited hands. In this chart, the hands along the diagonal represent pairs, the upper-right corner represents suited hands, and the bottom left corner represents off-suited hands.
Poker Odds Starting Hands
This particular chart is for player one and what kind of hands the CFR agent decides to check and then raise when facing a bet. Green represents 100% of the time or almost always, yellow represents around 50-75% of the time, orange represents 25-50% of the time, and red is never or almost never. There are two other colors, but they are not on this graph (yellow-green 75-90%, and orange-red 5-25%)
So this chart is saying that the player should always raise AA, KK, QQ, .. 88, AKs, AQs, A9o, and K9o. The player should sometimes raise AJs, A8o, and K3o.When we interpret this chart, we notice that there are a lot of strong hands, like the pairs and strong suited hands like AKs, AQs, and AJs. Additionally, the player does have some bluffs sometimes, like A9o, A8o, and K3o.
Poker Starting Hand And Betting Charts
- see how adjusting antes and bet sizing affect results
- see how adjusting possible starting hands for both players affect results (In a river situation in poker, both players do not have the entire 1328 different possible hands in their range. Additionally ranges can be assymmetrical. This means that the optimal solution for both will be very different)
- allow customizable/multiple bet sizing
- begin looking into developing bot for full Texas Hold'Em game
PokerNews Staff
Earlier this week in an article titled “Play Poker Without Looking at Your Cards? It Can Be Eye-Opening,” Martin Harris discussed the importance of position and stack sizes in no-limit hold’em tournaments, and how in some cases the hand you are dealt isn’t necessarily the most important factor influencing how you might want to proceed.
Of course, it is also important first to have an understanding of the relative strengths of starting hands in no-limit hold’em. This is particularly true for players who are just getting started with the game who might find themselves playing way too many hands or way too few hands, not having developed a ground-level knowledge of how starting hands compare.
![Starting Starting](/uploads/1/2/6/2/126282582/296915165.jpg)
PokerNews Editor-in-Chief Donnie Peters offers a quick introduction to some of the factors you want to consider when selecting starting hands in no-limit hold’em:
As explained in the video, one factor affecting starting hand selection is the number of opponents at the table. With full-ring (nine- or ten-handed) games it is often necessary to tighten up your starting hand requirements, whereas in short-handed games (six-handed, four-handed, heads-up) you’ll want to be looser and play more hands.
Also briefly touched on are certain hand groups like big pocket pairs, hands with two Broadway cards (i.e., ace through ten), and suited hands, all of which can be playable given your position and your opponents’ styles.
The biggest pocket pairs (aces, kings, queens, and jacks) are generally always playable, while discretion sometimes needs to be used when playing middle and lower pairs, particularly in the face of a lot of preflop aggression from others.
Ace-king, ace-queen, and king-queen are often good starters that can make top pair/top kicker hands, while other hands containing two Broadway cards can sometimes fall into the category of “trouble hands” that aren’t always so easy for beginners — or even experienced players — to play postflop.
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Poker Starting Hands By Position
Suited aces — e.g., , — can make nut flushes, while other hands like suited connectors and suited one-gappers can be potentially profitable, too, especially if you can see a flop cheaply with them.
Probably the most important element worth recognizing for new players when it comes to starting hand selection, though, is to realize how a large percentage of the hands you’re dealt in no-limit hold’em isn’t necessarily playable on the basis of their value preflop or potential to make strong hands postflop.
![Poker starting hand chart Poker starting hand chart](/uploads/1/2/6/2/126282582/122502412.jpeg)
In other words, while you might occasionally play “trash” hands like , , , and so on based on position, stack sizes, or your read of an opponent being tight and/or weak, you generally will toss such hands away and only get involved with stronger holdings.
In fact, for beginning players especially, it isn’t a bad practice simply to limit oneself to the better starting hands, particularly when out of position or facing a raise.
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cash game strategytournament strategyno-limit hold’emstarting hand selectionpocket pairssuited connectorssuited one-gapperspositionshort-handed strategy